Whether you're a beginner or an experienced driver, the plethora of rules, road signs, and potential fines can be daunting. Even the most careful drivers can accidentally incur fines or penalty points.

With this in consideration, The AA has compiled a list of lesser-known driving regulations that motorists should remember. There are five obscure driving laws that, if not followed, could result in an unlimited fine and up to nine penalty points on your licence.

So what are the little-known rules drivers need to know about?

Overtaking horses too quickly or loudly

Highway Code: Rule 215

Potential Fine: Unlimited

Potential Repercussions: 3-9 penalty points

Coming across horses in the road is a common occurrence for many drivers, particularly in more rural areas. If drivers encounter a horse, from wild horses in areas like the New Forest or those being ridden by a horse rider, they should slow down to a maximum of 10 mph and refrain from sounding their horn or revving their engine while passing. When it’s safe, drivers are advised to pass the horse slowly, allowing at least two metres of space.

Arguing with passengers while driving

Highway Code Rule: 148

Potential Fine: £1,000

Potential Repercussions: 3 penalty points

Engaging in heated discussions or outright disputes with passengers can result in a fine for drivers if such arguments interfere with their driving abilities. The Highway Code explicitly states that ‘arguing with other passengers’ is a distraction that must be avoided, as drivers must not ‘drive without due care and attention’, or risk breaking rule 148 of the Highway Code. Other distractions that must be avoided are trying to read maps while driving, listening to loud music, eating and drinking or smoking.

Unrestrained dogs while driving

Highway Code: Rule 57

Potential Fine: £1,000

Potential Repercussions: 3 penalty points

Many drivers enjoy the company of their pets during drives, which is completely lawful. However, The AA cautions that dogs and other pets must be properly restrained to prevent distractions. Proper restraint reduces the risk of injury to the pets and other passengers in the event of sudden braking. Suitable methods for restraining animals include a seat belt harness, pet carrier, cage, or dog guard.

Using a sat-nav or mobile phone that is not secured in a holder

Highway Code: Rule 149

Potential Fine: £1,000

Potential Repercussions: 6 penalty points

A prevalent problem for drivers is difficulty with navigation, leading many to rely on sat-navs and mobile phones for directions. However, using a handheld mobile phone while driving, or an unsecured sat-nav, is illegal. Being caught using a device not properly secured in a holder while following directions can result in a £200 fine and six points on your license. It's also important to ensure your device is mounted in a position that doesn't obstruct your full view of the road to avoid further consequences.

Honking a horn at other road users in anger, or while stationary

Highway Code: Rule 112

Potential Fine: Unlimited

Potential Repercussions: 3-9 penalty points

It can be tempting for drivers to honk their horn to express frustration at other drivers, or to beep if they see someone they know on the road, but drivers must only use their car horn while the vehicle is moving and for the purpose of warning other road users of their presence. 

You should not use your horn aggressively, while stationary, or when driving in a built-up area at night (between 11.30pm and 7am), unless another road user poses a danger.

Talking about sticking to the Highway Code rules, The AA said: "The intricacies of the Highway Code can sometimes catch drivers off guard. Our aim is to ensure that all motorists are aware of these lesser-known rules to avoid unnecessary fines and ensure road safety. It's not just about the common offences like speeding or running a red light; understanding and adhering to these regulations can significantly enhance your driving experience and keep you and others safe on the road."